|
1) "Cryogenic" -- As to cryogenic tempering cryo·gen·ic
Pronunciation: "krI-&-'je-nik
Function: adjective
1 a : of or relating to the production of very low temperatures b : being or relating to very low temperatures
2 a : requiring or involving the use of a cryogenic temperature b : requiring cryogenic storage c : suitable for storage of a cryogenic substance
- cryo·gen·i·cal·ly /-ni-k(&-)lE/ adverb Pronunciation Symbols
- Cryogenics is often used incorrectly to refer to cryonics, cryopreserving humans or animals.
- For the band, see Cryogenic (Band).
Cryogenics is a branch of physics (or engineering) that studies the production of very low temperatures (below –150 °C, –238 °F or 123 K) and the behavior of materials at those temperatures. - 1 Definitions and distinctions
- 2 Etymology
- 3 Industrial application
- 3.1 Cryogenic processing
- 3.2 Fuels
- 4 Detectors
- 5 Notes
- 6 See also
- 7 External links
| It is important to distinguish between cryogenics, cryobiology and cryonics. - Cryogenics
- The branches of physics and engineering that study very low temperatures, how to produce them, and how materials behave at those temperatures. Besides the familiar temperature scales of Fahrenheit and Celsius, cryogenicists use the Kelvin and Rankine scales.
- Cryobiology
- The branch of biology that studies the effects of low temperatures on organisms (most often for the purpose of achieving cryopreservation).
- Cryonics
- The emerging medical technology of cryopreserving humans and animals with the intention of future revival. As a technology, cryonics seeks to apply the results of many sciences, including cryobiology, cryogenics, rheology, emergency medicine, etc.
The word cryogenics literally means "the production of icy cold"; however the term is used today as a synonym for the low-temperature state. It is not well-defined at what point on the temperature scale refrigeration ends and cryo..."
2) "Tempering" -- As to cryogenic tempering 1tem·per
Pronunciation: 'tem-p&r
Function: transitive verb
Inflected Form(s): tem·pered; tem·per·ing /-p(&-)ri[ng]/
Etymology: Middle English, from Old English & Anglo-French; Old English temprian & Anglo-French temprer, from Latin temperare to moderate, mix, temper; probably akin to Latin tempor-, tempus time
1 : to dilute, qualify, or soften by the addition or influence of something else : MODERATE <temper justice with mercy>
2 archaic a : to exercise control over : GOVERN, RESTRAIN b : to cause to be well disposed : MOLLIFY <tempered and reconciled them both -- Richard Steele>
3 : to bring to a suitable state by mixing in or adding a usually liquid ingredient: as a : to mix (clay) with water or a modifier (as grog) and knead to a uniform texture b : to mix oil with (colors) in making paint ready for use
4 a (1) : to soften (as hardened steel or cast iron) by reheating at a lower temperature (2) : to harden (as steel) by reheating and cooling in oil b : to anneal or toughen (glass) by a process of gradually heating and cooling
5 : to make stronger and more resilient through hardship : TOUGHEN <troops tempered in battle>
6 a : to put in tune with something : ATTUNE b : to adjust the pitch of (a note, chord, or instrument) to a temperament
- tem·per·able /-p(&-)r&-b&l/ adjective
- tem·per·er /-p&r-&r/ noun Pronunciation Symbols
- This article is about tempering in metallurgy. For other uses of the word, see temper.
Tempering is a heat treatment technique for metals and alloys. In steels, tempering is done to "toughen" the metal by transforming brittle martensite into bainite or ferrite. Precipitation hardened alloys, like many grades of aluminum and superalloys, are tempered to precipitate intermetallic particles which strengthen the metal. In metallurgy, there is always a tradeoff between ductility and brittleness. This delicate balance highlights many of the subtleties inherent to the tempering process. Precise control of time and temperature during the tempering process are critical to achieve a metal with well balanced mechanical properties. - 1 Tempering in steel
- 2 Tempering in precipitation hardened alloys
- 3 Tempering in blacksmithing
- 4 See also
- 5 External link
| Typically steel is heat treated in a multi-step process. First it is heated to create a solid solution of iron and carbon in a process called austenizing. Austenizing is followed by quenching to produce a martensitic microstructure. The steel is then tempered by heating it in the range of 400-600 degrees Celsius. The steel is held at that temperature until the carbon trapped in the martensite diffuses to produce either bainite, or pearlite (a crystal structure formed from a mixture of ferrite and cementite). In banitic steels, upper banite or lower banite may form depending on the length and temperature of the tempering process. It is thermodynamically improbable that the martensite will be totally converted during tempering, so a mixture of martensite, bainite, ferrite and cementite is often formed. Before a precipitation hardened alloy can be te..."
Further Data On Term for cryogenic tempering
Internet users who seek cryogenic tempering often also seach for:
, cryogenic, tempering, cryogenic, tempering, tempering, machine, tempering, glass
Regularly Occuring Typos with cryogenic tempering include: rcyogenic cyrogenic croygenic crygoenic cryoegnic cryogneic cryogeinc cryogenci ryogenic cyogenic crogenic crygenic cryoenic cryognic cryogeic cryogenc cryogeni xryogenic dryogenic fryogenic vryogenic kryogenic ceyogenic cdyogenic cfyogenic ctyogenic crtogenic crhogenic cruogenic cryigenic crykgenic crylgenic crypgenic cryagenic cryegenic cryugenic cryotenic cryofenic cryovenic cryobenic cryohenic cryojenic cryogwnic cryogsnic cryogdnic cryogrnic cryoganic cryoginic cryogonic cryogunic cryogebic cryogehic cryogejic cryogemic cryogenuc cryogenkc cryogenoc cryogenac cryogenec cryogenuc cryogenix cryogenid cryogenif cryogeniv cryogenik etmpering tmepering tepmering temepring tempreing tempeirng tempernig temperign empering tmpering tepering temering tempring tempeing temperng temperig temperin rempering fempering gempering yempering twmpering tsmpering tdmpering trmpering tampering timpering tompering tumpering tenpering tejpering tekpering temoering tempwring tempsring tempdring temprring temparing tempiring temporing tempuring tempeeing tempeding tempefing tempeting temperung temperkng temperong temperang tempereng temperung temperibg temperihg temperijg temperimg temperint temperinf temperinv temperinb temperinh temperinj
Commonly appearing connections are :
custom bridal, custody papers, custody father, curved stairs, current movie reviews, curling brushes, culver city apartments, cto jobs, cst berger, csi specifications, crystal 3d, crushproof, cruset, cruise pictures, crt lens, croydon pennsylvania, crossville tennessee, crossroads ford, creativities, creative nomad zen, creating booklets, create a logo
Similar searches have yielded these phrases cryogenic tempering:
cryogenic tempering, cryogenic tempering, tempering machine, tempering glass
Certain copy here cryogenic tempering made available through Wikipedia and the GNU Free Documentation License.
|